The Use of Exclusionary Expressions in Pre-Islamic Poetry: A Study of Their Semantic Aspects

Abstract

This article explores six patterns that express specific meanings that intended by the poets. These are as follows: First: negating the impossibility of loss or lapse. Second: negating the impossibility of attaining or reaching something. Third: negating the impossibility of stopping or refraining. Fourth: negating the impossibility of occurrence, the e Fifth: negating the impossibility of temporal attainment or lapse, and. Sixth: negating the impossibility of spatial attainment or loss

 Exclusionary expressions in pre-Islamic poetry were formulated using explicit and implicit conditional structures, the method of assumption & estimation, and both explicit and implicit negation. In addition to precedence and delay, the techniques of affirming through negation and negating through affirmation were used in expressing meanings in various forms. The answer to the condition often preceded the conditional part (verb). What stands for them, and among the rhetorical devices, we identified the implicit command, prohibition, and the interrogative, just as poets resorted to repeating evocative expressions and stylistic patterns. For various purposes, all of these devices, regardless of their differences, had psychological dimensions that expressed reflected the poet’s inner state and a persuasive argumentative function for the recipient, including despair, despair, distancing, and insistence.